ريتا پي رائيٽ

ريتا پي رائيٽ

Rita P. Wright

 رڪ سنڌي

ڊاڪٽر ريتا پي رائيٽ آمريڪا جي نيويارڪ يونيورسٽي ۾ اينٿروپلاجي شعبي جي پروفيسر آهي. پاڻ ايم اي ۽ پي ايڇ ڊي جون ڊگريون هارورڊ يونيورسٽي مان حاصل ڪيون. پاڻ نيويارڪ يونيورسٽي جي سينٽر فار اسٽڊي آف هيومن اوريجنس (Center for the Study of Human Origins) جي به ميمبر آهي. هن ڏکڻ ايشيا ۽ اوڀر ايشيا جي قديم سڀيتائن تي تحقيق ڪئي آهي. هن افغانستان، ايران، عراق، پاڪستان ۽ انڊيا ۾ قديم آثارن تي ڪافي کوجنا ڪئي آهي. سندس تحقيق جو محور قديم سڀيتائن جا شهري مرڪز، رياستي جوڙجڪ ۽ جنسياتي لاڳاپا رهيا آهن. ڊاڪٽر ريتا هڙاپا آرڪيالاجيڪل ريسرچ پروجيڪٽ ۾ اسسٽنٽ ڊائريڪٽر جون ذميواريون نڀائي رهي آهي. ان سان گڏ پاڻ بياس ندي پنجاب جي ڪنارن تي قديم آثارن بابت سروي جي به ڊائريڪٽر آهي. هن سنڌو سڀيتا جي بياس ندي جي ڪنارن تي ڳوٺاڻي ثقافت ۽ شهري تمدن جي ماڳن ۽ آبادين بابت تحقيق ۾ به ڪافي اڳڀرائي ڪئي آهي.

ريتا پي رائيٽ جي سنڌو سڀيتا تي لکيل ڪتاب ۾ هن قديم تهذيب جي اهم ۽ بحث هيٺ نه آيل رخن کي اجاگر ڪيو ويو آهي. آڪسفورڊ يونيورسٽي طرفان ڇپايل ڪتاب The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy and Society ۾ سنڌو سڀيتا جي معيشت ۽ سوسائٽي کي بحث هيٺ آندو ويو آهي. ريتا رائيٽ سنڌو سڀيتا جي آبهوا جي تبديلي ۽ ان جي هن تهذيب تي پيل اثرن بابت پهريون ڀيرو سائنسي بنيادن تي تحقيق ڪئي آهي. هن پنهنجي تحقيق ۾ سائنسي بنيادن تي کوجنا ڪري سنڌو تهذيب جي ترقي ۽ پوئتي پوڻ جا نوان رخ متعارف ڪرايا آهن. کيس سنڌو سڀيتا تي تحقيق جي مڃتا طور نيشنل جگرافڪ سوسائٽي طرفان 1999ع ۾ ايوارڊ ڏنو ويو. ريتا کي نيويارڪ يونيورسٽي طرفان هڙاپا آرڪيالاجيڪل ريسرچ پراجيڪٽ لاءِ 1993-1994ع ۾ گرانٽ به ڏني وئي. پاڻ 1996ع کان بياس رور سيٽلمينٽ سروي (اپر انڊس ويلي) پراجيڪٽ جي ڊائريڪٽر طور به ذميواريون سرانجام ڏئي رهي آهي. ريتا رائيٽ 1994ع کان اپريل 1996ع تائين هڙاپا آرڪيالاجيڪل پراجيڪٽ جي اسسٽنٽ دائريڪٽر طور به خدمتون سرانجام ڏنيون. هن 1989ع کان 1992ع تائين مختلف وقتن تي هارورڊ يونيورسٽي، ڪيلفورنيا يونيورسٽي، وسڪونسن يونيورسٽي ۽ نيشنل جگرافڪ سوسائٽي جي فنڊن تحت هڙاپا جي قديم ماڳ تي وڌيڪ کوٽايون ڪرايون. جڏهن ته مهرڳڙهه ۽ نوشهره جي قديم ماڳن تي به فيلڊ ريسرچ ڪيو.

ڪتاب ۽ مقالا

·                     Beas and Landscape Survey. R. Wright, J. Schuldenrein, M. R. Mughal, A. Khan, M. Smith, S. Malin-Boyce, Laura Miller, Carrie Hritz. Report to Department of Archeology, Government of Pakistan.

·                     Cemetery R-37: An Account of the Excavations of the Cemetery in 1986, 1987, 1988 and 1994. Authored with the Harappa team: G. F. Dales, B. E. Hemphill, K.A.R. Kennedy, J. M. Kenoyer, N. B. Lovell, J. R. Lukacs, R. H. Meadow, L. J. Miller and R. P. Wright. Cambridge: Peabody Museum Press.

·                     Commodities and Things – The Kulli in Context (2013) - Connections and Complexities: New Approaches to the Archaeology of South and Central Asia, S. Abraham, P. Gulpalli, T. Raczek, U. Rizvi, ed., Left Coast Press.

·                     Comparative Studies and Early Civilisations Revisited. K. Almquist and A. Linklater, ed. Civilization: Perspectives from the Engelsberg Seminar 2013, Axel and Margaret Axeson Johnson Foundation, 41-50.

·                     Cultural Landscapes, Preservation and Sustainability – Perspectives on Pakistan and the Beas Doab”. J. M. Kenoyer, ed. Cultural Heritage in Pakistan. Islamabad: American Institute of Pakistan Studies. In Review “Power Systems in the Indus and Near Eastern States: Testing the Limits of Corporate Political Strategies. Lars Fargher, Gary Feinman, Timothy Earl, editors. Alternative Pathways to Complexity. [University Press of Colorado.].

·                     Early Harappan Painted Grey Wares in Pakistan and Iran. In. D. P. Sharma, ed., Harappan Potteries. Delhi: BKP Press:106-116.

·                     Early Harappan/Kot Diji in the Punjab, Pakistan. Eighteenth International Conference on South Asian Archaeology, European Association of South Asian Archaeologists. London. England. July 6-10,2005.

·                     Excavations at Rehman Dheri: The Pottery Typology and Technology. R. Wright and F. Durrani. G. Possehl, ed. South Asian Archaeology Studies. New Delhi: Oxford and IBH Publishing Co. Pvt.

Ltd.:145-162.

·                     Fine Ware Traditions at the site of Mehrgarh. C. Jarrige, JF. Jarrige, R. Meadow, G. Quivron, eds. MEHRGARH: Field Reports 1974-1985 from Neolithic Times to the Indus Civilization. Dept. of Culture and Tourism, Government of Sindh, Pakistan. In collaboration with the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs:662-671.

·                     Gender and Archaeology (1996) (editor) - University of Pennsylvania Press.

·                     Gender in Southwest Asian Prehistory (2013) (with Diane Bolger) - Companion to Gender Prehistory, D. Bolger, ed., Wiley-Blackwell.

·                     Gender in Southwest Asian Prehistory. Co-Author Diane Bolger and Rita Wright, Companion to Gender Prehistory, edited by Diane Bolger, 372-394. Wiley-Blackwell

·                     Harappan Geoarchaeology Reconsidered: Holocene Landscapes and Environments of the Greater Indus Plain. J. Schuldenrein, R. Wright, M. A. Khan. In E. Stone (ed.) Settlement and Society UCLA Cotsen Institute of Archaeology:83- 116.

·                     Modeling Holocene Climates and Rivers in the Harappa Vicinity”. Reid Bryson, Rita P. Wright and Joseph Schuldenrein. In. R. A. Bryson and K. McE. DeWall, ed..

A Paleoclimatology Workbook: High Resolution, Site Specific, Macrophysical Climate Modeling:123-128. The Mammoth Site of Hot Springs, SD, Inc. Rita P. Wright December 2014

·                     New Evidence for Jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) in the Indus Civilization.” R. Wright, D. Lentz, H. Beaubien, C. Kimbrough. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, Vol. 4, #2:137-143. [hard copy and online]

·                     Patterns of Technology and the Organization of Production at Harappa. R. Meadow, Ed., Harappa Excavations 1986-1990. A Multidisciplinary Approach to Third Millennium Urbanism. Prehistory Press:71-88.

·                     Perspectives from the Indus: Contexts of Interaction in the Late Harappan/Post-Urban Period. Fifty Years of Emirates Archaeology, ed. By D. T. Potts, P. Hellyer. Ministry of Culture, Youth, and Community Development Abu Dhabi, UAE. Motivate Publishing:.101-111.

·                     Redefining Early States in the Indo-Iranian Borderlands: Konar Sandal and Shahr-I Sokhta”

·                     Regional Networks and Cultural Heritage. A Conference on Cultural Heritage: Archaeology, Rita P. Wright December 2014. Museums and Conservation. American Institute of Pakistan Studies and Pakistan Department of Cultural Heritage.

·                     Rethinking Urbanism in the Indus Valley civilization. Settlement and Landscape in Regional

Perspective. CRANE Lecture, Binghamton University.

·                     Satellite Remote Sensing Imagery: New Evidence for Site Distributions and Ecologies in the Upper Indus. R. Wright & C. Hritz. In M. Tosi and D. Frenez, ed. South Asia Archaeology 2007.Archaeopress:315-321.

·                     Settlement Surveys along the Beas River: Harappa and its Rural Network. Sixteenth International Conference on South Asian Archaeology, European Association of South Asian Archaeologists, July 2 -6, 2001, Paris, France.

·                     The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy and Society (2010) - Cambridge University Press

·                     The Beas River Landscape and Settlement Survey: Preliminary Results from the Site of Vainiwal. R. P. Wright, J. Schuldenrein, M. Afzal Khan and S. Malin-Boyce. In U. Franke-Vogt and H-J Weisshaar, ed. South Asian Archaeology 200, Aachen: Linden Soft:101-111.

·                     Landscapes. Soils and Mound Histories of the Upper Indus Valley, Pakistan: New Insights on the Holocene Environments near Ancient Harappa. J. Schuldenrein, R. P. Wright, M. Rafique Mughal and M. Afzal Khan. Journal of Archaeological Sciences Volume 31:777-792.

·                     The Beas Settlement Survey: Urbanism and Rural Settlements in the Upper Indus co Authored with collaborators, R. Wright, J. Schuldenrein, M. Afzal Khan. Reflections on Gender in Archaeology: Conversations with Feminist Scholars [University of Pennsylvania Press; Single author, edited –

·                     The Frontiers of Prehistoric Baluchistan and the Development of the Indus

Civilization". K. M. Trinkaus, ed. Polities and Partitions: Human Boundaries and the Growth of Complex Societies. Arizona State Anthropological Research Papers No. 37:61-82. Temple, Az.

·                     The Harappa Museum Collection: Typological and Technological Evidence. Pakistan Archaeology. Department of Archaeology, Government of Pakistan:1-23.

·                     The Indus Valley and Mesopotamian Civilizations: A Comparative View of Ceramic Technology. J. M. Kenoyer, Ed., Old Problems and New Perspectives in the Archaeology of South Asia. Wisconsin Archaeological Reports, Vol.2:145-156.

·                     The Making of the Indus Civilization: Recent Research in Comparative Perspective. Invited by the Editors, Journal of Archaeological Research.

·                     Third Millennium Changing Times (2009) - Archaeological Dialogues 16(2):142-148.

·                     Traditional Potters of India." M. Beaudry, J. M. Kenoyer, R. Wright. Expedition. Vol. 29, No. 3:55- 63.

·                     Urbanism in the Indus Valley: Environment and Settlement on the Beas River. R. P. Wright, M. Afzal Khan and J. Schuldenrein. M. A. Halim and Abdul Ghafoor, ed. Indus Valley Dialogue Among Civilizations. Islamabad. Crystal Printers:102-113. Knowledge and Society. Vol. 12:31-51.

·                     Urbanism in the Indus Valley: Environment and Settlement on the Beas River. International Colloquium on Indus Civilization. Joint UNESCO/Government of Pakistan Conference in celebration of the Year of Dialogue Among Civilizations, Islamabad, Pakistan. April 4 - 7, 2001. Sponsored by Ministry of Minorities, Culture, Sports, Tourism and Youth Affairs, United Nationals Educational, Scientific and Rita P. Wright December 2014.

·                     Water Supply and History: Harappa and the Beas Settlement Survey (2008). Co-authoried, R. Wright, R. Bryson and J. Schuldenrein. Antiquity, Vol. 82, 315:37-48.

·                     Water Supply and History: Harappa and the Beas Settlement Survey. R. Wright, R. Bryson and J. Schuldenrein. Antiquity, Vol. 82, 315:37-48.