ايم ايڇ پنهور

ايم ايڇ پنهور

M.H. Panhwar 

رڪ سنڌي 

ايم ايڇ پنهور سنڌ جي زير زمين پاڻيءَ تي ريسرچ، زراعت ۽ پاڻيءَ جي وسيلن ۽ ذريعن تي تحقيق سميت سنڌ جي تاريخ، آرڪيالاجي، جاگرافي ۽ درياهي وهڪرن بابت تحقيق جي حوالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو. پاڻ اصل ۾ ته هڪ زرعي انجنيئر هيو، پر سنڌ جي قديم ۽ جديد تاريخ تي به ڪافي تحقيق ڪئي ۽ ڪيترائي ڪتاب ۽ تحقيقي مضمون پڻ لکيا. هن پنهنجي اصل موضوع ”پاڻيءَ“ کان سواءِ سنڌ جي تاريخ، ادب ۽ لسانيات تي به انگريزي ۾ ڪيترائي ڪتاب ۽ مقالا لکيا آهن. ايم ايڇ پنهور کي لسانيات ۽ موهن جي دڙي جي مُهرن جي پڙهڻيءَ Decipherment ۾ چڱي خاصي دلچسپي هئي.

ايم ايڇ پنهور جو اصلي نالو ته محمد حسين پنهور هيو، پر علمي ادبي حلقن ۾ ايم ايڇ پنهور طور سڃاتو ويندو آهي. سندس جنم سنڌ جي دادو ضلعي جي ڳوٺ ابراهيم پنهور ۾ 25 ڊسمبر 1925ع ۾ ٿيو ۽ پاڻ 21 اپريل 2007ع تي حيدرآباد ۾ لاڏاڻو ڪري ويو. پنهور 1949ع ۾ مڪينيڪل ۽ اليڪٽريڪل جي شعبي ۾ بي ايس ڪئي. جنهن بعد 1953ع ۾ آمريڪا جي وسڪونسن يونيورسٽي مان ايگريڪلچر انجنيئرنگ ۾ ايم ايس جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. کيس گرائونڊ واٽر ڊولپمينٽ تي خاص مهارت هئي. پاڻ پاڪستان ۽ سنڌ سرڪار طرفان آبپاشي جي کاتي ۾ زرعي انجنيئر ۽ سپرينٽينڊنگ انجنئير جي عهدن تي 1969ع تائين 16 سال ذميواريون ادا ڪيون. پاڻ زرعي انجنيئرنگ ۽ ٽيڪنلاجي تي 10 کان وڌيڪ تحقيقي ڪتاب ۽ مقالا لکيا.

ايم ايڇ پنهور پنهنجي شعبي زراعت کان سواءِ سنڌ جي قديم تاريخ، آرڪيالاجي، ٻولي، جاگرافي، درياهي وهڪرن ۽ قديم آثارن تي به تحقيق ڪئي، کيس سندس خدمتن جي مڃتا طور ڪيترائي ايوارڊ ۽ ميڊل ڏنا ويا. پاڪستان حڪومت طرفان کيس 1992ع ۾ صدارتي ايوارڊ ستارا امتياز ڏنو ويو.

ايم ايڇ پنهور جي سنڌو سڀيتا جي لکت ۽ ٻولي تي به تحقيق ڪئي، سندس سنڌو ماٿري جي ٻولي ۽ لکت بابت راءِ هئي ته  سنڌ ۾ هن وقت جيڪا ٻولي ڳالهائجي ٿي، اها پروٽو انڊين يعني آڳاٽي هند جي ٻولي هئي ۽ دراوڙن سان ان جو تعلق گهڻو آڳاٽو ڇڄي چڪو هو ۽ ٻولي ڪنهن به صورت ۾ دراوڙي ٿي نه ٿي سگهي. پاڻ سنڌو ماٿري تي آرين جي حملي واري ٿيوري کي به پنهنجي تحقيق ذريعي رد ڪيو. سنڌ جي تاريخ تي تحقيق بابت سندس ڪتاب مستقبل جي محققن لاءِ سونهان ثابت ٿيندا.

ڪتاب ۽ مقالا

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·                     CAUSES OF DECLINE OF PERSIAN IN PAKISTAN, PAK-IRANIAN CULTURAL CENTRE, 1975.

·                     MAPS ON SINDH (BEING DESCRIPTION OF 500 HISTORICAL ECONOMIC, HYDROLOGICAL, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, PHYSICAL, GEOLOGICAL, GROUND WATER AND ADMINISTRATIVE MAPS IN POSSESSION OF THE AUTHOR). SINDH QUARTERLY, VOL.II, NO.2, 1976.

·                     EVOLUTION OF ARABIC SYSTEM OF MEDICINE FROM GREEK, INDIAN, MESOPOTANIAN, EGYPTION AND CHINESE UPTO 9TH CENTURY AD, J. INSTITUTE OF SINDHIOLOGY SUMMER 1977.

·                     SOURCE MATERIAL ON SINDH, INSTITUTE OF SINDHOLOGY, 1977.

·                     HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF 17TH CENTURY, BEING AN INTRODUCTION TO MAZAHAR SHAH JEHANI (SINDHI TRANSLATION), SINDHI ADABI BOARD, 1977.

·                     SKETCHES OF DRAWINGS, PAINTINGS AND PORTRAITS ON SINDH, BY BRITISH OFFICIALS IN THE MID NINETEENTH CENTURY, SINDH QUARTERLY, VOL. V, NO. 4, 1978.

·                     HEROIC STRUGGLE OF SINDH AGAINST FEUDALISM, 1500-1843 AD. SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, SUMMER 1979. (SINDHI TRANSLATION BY GHULLAM MUHAMMAD LAKHO JOUR. MEHRAN).

·                     SINDH-KUTCH RELATION, SINDH ARCHIEVES, KARACHI, 1980. (SINDHI TRANSLATION, GHULLAM MUHAMMAD LAKHO, JOUR. MEHRAN).

·                     SINDH AND ITS FOOD RESOURCES, SINCE ANTIQUITY; PRE-NEOLITHIC SOCIO-ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY; ANIMALS, BIRDS, FISHES AND WILD HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS, SINDH QUARTERLY, VOL. VII, NO. 3, 1979 AND 4, AND VOL. VII NO.1, 1980.

·                     THE ART OF MAP MAKING AND SOME RARE MAPS OF INDIAN SUB-CONTINENT (WHICH INCLUDE SINDH) AND SINDH, 140 TO 1808 AD. SINDH QUARTERLY VOL. IX, NO. 1, 1980.

·                     INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF SINDH, THROUGH ITS PORT BARBARICAN (BANBHORE), 200 BC – 200 AD, SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, WINTER, 1980. (SUMMARY JOUR. PIMA).

·                     471 MAPS OF SINDH, IN ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY, BRITISH MUSEUM, INDIA OFFICE LIBRARY AND NATIONAL ACHIEVES OF INDIA, J. GRASS ROOTS SPRING, 1980.

·                     MAN IN SINDH – STONE AGE TO NEOLITHIC, SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, SUMMER, 1980.

·                     ABOUT PALANTOLOGIE OF SINDH, 1870-1884, J. SINDH QUARTERLY VOL. VIII, NO. 2, 1980.

·                     GREEK AND ROMAN CLASSICAL WRITERS, WHO WROTE ABOUT SINDH, (SINDHI) MEHRAN MARCH, 1981.

·                     FAILURE OF GATE OF SUKKUR BARRAGE AND LESSON FOR FUTURE, SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, WINTER, 1981.

·                     RANIKOT FORT, ITS ODD LOCATION AND WHY? IN SOUVENIR RANIKOT SEMINAR, 26TH MARCH, 1981. PUBLISHED BY RANIKOT SEMINAR COMMITTEE. ALSO SINDH QUARTERLY.

·                     Sindh the archaeological museum of the world; Location of Brahmanka, Patala, Demetrias, Minaggara, Brahmano, Brahmanva, Brahmanabad, Dalu Rai and Mansura, Sindh Quarterly Vol. XI, No. 1 and 2, 1983.

·                     ABDULLAH HAROON AND HIS TIMES (1911-1942 AD) J. SINDH QUARTERLY, 1983. 

·                     CHRONOLOGICAL DICTIONARY OF SINDH, INSTITUTE OF SINDHOLOGY, 1984.

·                     7,000 YEARS OF WOMEN’S SLAVERY, J. SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, PART I, 1984.

·                     FOUR ANCIENT RIVERS OF SINDH OR ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND YEARS OF HISTORY OF SANGHAR DISTRICT, J. SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, SUMMER, 1985.

·                     DEVELOPMENTS IN HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY OF SINDH, SINCE INDEPENDENCE PART-I AND II, J. SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, WINTER, 1985 AND SUMMER 1986. (ALSO MEHRAN).

·                     HAKRA OR (SARSUTI) CONTROVERSY. J. SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, WINTER, 1986.

·                     INEVITABILITY OF CONQUEST OF SINDH BY THE BRITISH 1843 AD, J. SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, SUMMER 1987.

·                     TRAGEDY OF PAKISTAN AGRICULTURE, CEREAL CULTURE VERSUS HORTICULTURE, J. SINDH QUARTERLY VOL. XVI, NO. 1, 1988.

·                     METHODOLOGY FOR RESEARCH INTO THE HISTORY OF SINDH PART I AND II, J. SINDHIOLOGICAL STUDIES, SUMMER AND WINTER, 1988.

·                     LANGUAGES OF SINDH BETWEEN RISE OF AMRI AND FALL OF MANSURA (4,000 BC – 1025 AD) BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE, IN ABDUL JABAR JUNEJO (ED), CULTURAL HERITAGE OF SINDH, SINDHI ADABI BOARD JAMSHORO, 1989.

·                     OCEANOGRAPHIC ARCHAEOLOGY, ITS POTENTIAL IN PAKISTAN, J. ARCHAEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY, VOL. II, NO. 1, 1990.

·                     PRE-HARAPPAN CHRONOLOGY OF SINDH, I AND II, J. SINDH QUARTERLY VOL. XVII, NO. 4, 1990 AND VOL. XIX NO. 1, 1991.

·                     CLIMATIC CHANGES IN SINDH, 67 MILLION YEARS AGO TO 1850, J. SINDH QUARTERLY, VOL. XXII, NO. 3, 1993.

·                     5,000 YEARS OF TRADE THROUGH BARBARICAN AND THE INDUS, J. PIMA, VOL. I, NO. 3, 1994.

·                     SINDH ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM OF THE WORLD, A BRIEF STUDY OF BRAHMANABAD-MANSURA, J. ARCHAEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY, VOL. VI, NO. 3, 1994/95.

·                     AGRO-CLIMATE OF COASTAL ZONE OF SINDH AND POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT, J. WILD LIFE AND ENVIRONMENT, VOL. 4, NO.1, APRIL-JUNE, 1995.

·                     HENRY COUSEN AND ARCHAEOLOGY OF SINDH, BEING INFORMATION ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION AND EXCAVATIONS IN SINDH from 1895/96 TO 1937/38 AND THEIR SOURCES AND PUBLISHED AS INTRODUCTION TO SINDHI TRANSLATION OF HENRY COUSENS’, ARCHAEOLOGY OF SINDH, SINDHI ADABI BOARD, 1995.

·                     DEVELOPMENT IN ARCHAEOLOGY SINCE MUJAMDAR’S EXPLORATIONS IN SINDH, TO BE PUBLISHED AS INTRODUCTION TO TRANSLATION OF THIS BOOK, SINDHI ADABI BOARD.

·                     Six Thousand Years of History of Irrigation in Sindh, 2011